Heart Valve Disease

Mô tả sản phẩm

Heart valve disease refers to conditions affecting the heart's valves, preventing them from opening or closing properly. This can lead to inefficient blood flow, causing various symptoms and potentially serious health complications. Let's delve into the different types and treatments.

Types of Heart Valve Disease

Valvular Stenosis

Stenosis occurs when a valve narrows, restricting blood flow. This increased resistance makes the heart work harder to pump blood.

Valvular Regurgitation (or Insufficiency)

Regurgitation happens when a valve doesn't close tightly, allowing blood to flow backward. This reduces the efficiency of the heart's pumping action.

Prolapse

Prolapse refers to a valve that bulges backward into the chamber it's supposed to separate.

Atresia

Atresia is a rare condition where a valve fails to develop properly, completely blocking blood flow.

Causes of Heart Valve Disease

Heart valve disease can stem from various factors, including:

Congenital Heart Defects

Some individuals are born with malformed heart valves.

Rheumatic Fever

This inflammatory condition, often a complication of untreated strep throat, can severely damage heart valves.

Infective Endocarditis

Infection of the heart valves can cause damage and dysfunction.

Degenerative Changes

Over time, heart valves can naturally wear out and become less efficient.

Connective Tissue Disorders

Conditions like Marfan syndrome can affect valve structure and function.

Symptoms of Heart Valve Disease

Symptoms can vary greatly depending on the severity and type of valve disease. They may include:

Shortness of Breath

Difficulty breathing, especially during exertion.

Chest Pain

Angina, a squeezing or pressure sensation in the chest.

Fatigue

Unexplained tiredness and weakness.

Lightheadedness or Dizziness

Episodes of feeling faint.

Swelling in the Legs and Ankles

Fluid buildup due to poor blood circulation.

Rapid or Irregular Heartbeat

Palpitations or arrhythmias.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Valve Disease

Diagnosis typically involves a physical exam, echocardiogram (ultrasound of the heart), electrocardiogram (ECG), and possibly cardiac catheterization. Treatment options range from medication to surgery, depending on the severity of the condition. Surgical interventions may include valve repair or replacement, using either biological or mechanical valves.

Living with Heart Valve Disease

Managing heart valve disease often involves lifestyle modifications, regular medical checkups, and adherence to prescribed medications. A healthy lifestyle, including diet and exercise, can help improve overall heart health.

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